Last reviewed: 2026-09-03 • Editorial Standards

Avoid Foods That Are Also High Purine Foods β€” Gout Risk Breakdown

156 foods at the intersection — data-driven gout risk analysis

Key Insights

156 of 156 foods (100%) in this overlap are rated Avoid, signaling that the combination of 'Avoid Foods' and 'High Purine Foods' tends toward higher-risk foods. Individual inspection is needed.
Purine levels in this group span from 151 mg/100g (gnomefish, meat, raw) to 21494 mg/100g (RNA) β€” a difference of 21343 mg. Selection within this overlap makes a practical difference.
The average purine content is 476 mg/100g across 156 measured foods β€” above the 150 mg/100g threshold. Caution is warranted for most items in this overlap.
3 items in this overlap contain alcohol β€” a known gout trigger that both raises uric acid production and impairs renal excretion. The ACR 2020 guideline advises limiting or avoiding alcohol during gout flares.
The 156 foods in this overlap span 9 categories: Alcoholic Beverages, Fruits, Legumes, Meat, Seafood, Soups & Sauces, Supplements, Sweets & Snacks, Vegetables. This means the intersection is not limited to a single food group β€” diverse dietary contexts are represented here.
Our purine data is sourced from the USDA+ODS-NIH PURINE DATABASE Release 2 (March 2025) and the Kaneko et al. (2014) comprehensive food purine survey covering 270 foodstuffs. Fructose data comes from USDA SR28 food composition tables. Verdict ratings follow a multi-dimensional engine evaluating purine, fructose, and alcohol risk simultaneously.

All Foods in This Intersection

Higher RiskAnchovy (dried) Higher Riskanchovy, canned Higher Riskanchovy, dried Higher Riskanchovy, fresh Higher Riskanchovy, raw Higher Riskbeans, great northern, dried, raw Higher Riskbeans, pinto, dried, raw Higher Riskbeans, small white, dried, raw Higher Riskbeef brain, raw Higher Riskbeef chuck roast, boneless, choice, raw Higher Riskbeef heart, raw Higher Riskbeef kidney, cooked Higher Riskbeef kidney, raw Higher Riskbeef liver, raw Higher Riskbeef ribeye, steak, boneless, choice, raw Higher Riskbeef shoulder roast, choice, boneless, cooked4 Higher Riskbeef shoulder roast, choice, boneless, raw Higher Riskbeef, ground, 73% lean meat / 27% fat, cooked4 Higher Riskbeef, ground, 80% lean meat / 20% fat, raw Higher Riskbeef, ground, 93% lean meat / 7% fat, cooked4 Higher Riskbeef, ground, 93% lean meat / 7% fat, raw Higher RiskBeer yeast Higher RiskBeer yeast product Higher Riskblackeye peas, dried, raw Higher RiskBonito Higher Riskbonito, dried Higher RiskBotan shrimp (roe) Higher Riskc saury Higher Riskcatfish, farmed, raw Higher Riskchicken breast, boneless, skinless, cooked4 Higher Riskchicken breast, boneless, skinless, raw Higher Riskchicken breast, roasted Higher Riskchicken breast, stewed Higher Riskchicken heart, raw Higher Riskchicken liver, raw Higher Riskchicken, ground, raw Higher RiskChlorella Higher RiskChondroitin and Beer yeast Higher RiskCrab Ovary Higher Riskcrab ovary, raw Higher Riskcutlassfish (hairtail), fresh Higher Riskdried tofu Higher Riskear (dried) Higher RiskFlying fish (tobiuo) Higher Riskflying fish, raw Higher Riskfrankfurter, mixed meat, heated4 Higher Riskfrankfurter, mixed meat, unheated Higher RiskGnome fish, meat (mutsu) Higher RiskGnome fish, skin (mutsu) Higher Riskgnomefish, meat, raw Higher Riskgnomefish, skin, raw Higher Riskgreen tea leaves, dried Higher RiskHeart Higher Riskherring, canned Higher RiskIsaki milt (shirako) Higher RiskJack mackerel Higher RiskJapanese flying squid Higher RiskKatsuobushi (dried bonito) Higher RiskKidney Higher RiskKuruma shrimp Higher Risklamb heart, raw Higher Risklentils, dried, raw Higher RiskLiver Higher Riskluncheon meat, ham, ready-to-eat Higher Riskluncheon meat, turkey, ready-to-eat Higher Riskmackerel, canned Higher Riskmackerel, fermented (heshiko) Higher Riskmackerel, jack, half-dried Higher Riskmackerel, japanese, skin, raw Higher Riskmackerel, raw (unspecified) Higher Riskmackerel, spanish, raw Higher Riskmilt, cod Higher Riskmilt, globefish Higher Riskmilt, pigfish, striped, raw Higher Riskmonkfish liver, steamed Higher RiskMonkfish liver, steamed (ankimo) Higher Riskmushroom, jew's ear, dried Higher Riskmushrooms, shiitake, dried Higher RiskNiboshi (dried baby sardines) Higher RiskNori Higher RiskOkiami (Krill) Higher Riskokiami (krill), raw Higher RiskOriental shrimp Higher RiskOyster Higher Riskpacific saury, half-dried Higher Riskpacific saury, raw Higher RiskParsley Higher Riskparsley, fresh Higher Riskpeas, split, dried, raw Higher Riskpork kidney, raw Higher Riskpork liver, raw Higher Riskpork loin, boneless, skinless, cooked4 Higher Riskpork loin, boneless, skinless, raw Higher Riskpork loin, tenderloin, boneless, raw Higher Riskpork sausage, uncured, link/patty, cooked4 Higher Riskpork sausage, uncured, link/patty, raw Higher Riskpork, cured, bacon, cooked4 Higher Riskpork, ground, raw Higher Riskpork, liver, raw Higher RiskPowder soup Chinese soup Higher RiskPowder soup Consomme Higher RiskPowder soup Matsutake Higher RiskPowdered Umami broth Higher RiskRNA Higher RiskRoyal jelly Higher RiskSakura shrimp (dried) Higher Risksalami, dry or hard, pork, beef Higher Risksalami, genoa, pork, beef Higher Risksalmon, atlantic, farmed, raw Higher Risksalmon, sockeye, wild, raw Higher RiskSardine Higher Risksardine, baby, dried Higher Risksardine, canned Higher Risksardine, half-dried Higher Risksardine, raw Higher Riskseabass, japanese, liver, raw Higher Riskseabass, japanese, skin, raw Higher Riskseaweed, nori, dried Higher Riskseaweed, wakame, raw Higher Riskshad, dotted gizzard Higher RiskShiitake (dried) Higher Riskshrimp, deep-water Higher Riskshrimp, mixed species, farmed, raw Higher Riskshrimp, raw (sand shrimp and pacific shrimp species) Higher Riskshrimp, raw (unspecified) Higher Riskshrimp, raw, frozen (no further unspecified) Higher Riskshrimp, sakura, dried Higher Risksnails, raw Higher Risksoup, chinese soup type, powdered Higher Risksoup, consommΓ© type, powdered Higher Risksoup, matsutake type, powdered Higher Risksoup, stock, chinese, dried Higher Risksoy protein concentrate, produced by acid wash Higher RiskSoybean (dried) Higher Risksoybeans, dried, raw Higher RiskSpear squid Higher RiskSpinach Young leaf Higher Riskspinach, young, raw Higher RiskSpirulina Higher Risksquid, raw (unspecified) Higher Risktilapia, farmed, raw Higher Risktofu, dried-frozen (koyadofu) Higher Risktrout, rainbow, raw Higher RiskTuna Higher Risktuna (bonito), raw Higher Risktuna, canned, drained solids Higher Risktuna, raw (unspecified) Higher Riskturbot liver, raw Higher Riskumami broth, powdered Higher RiskUnknown mushroom, dried (incomplete Japan DB record) Higher RiskWakame Higher RiskWhite meat Higher RiskWhitebait (dried) Higher Riskwhitebait, dried Higher Riskyeast, dried Higher Riskyellowtail, young, fresh

Frequently Asked Questions

What does it mean when a food is both 'Avoid Foods' and 'High Purine Foods'?
It means the food meets two criteria simultaneously β€” it belongs to both the 'Avoid Foods' and 'High Purine Foods' categories. Of all foods in our database, 156 items satisfy this dual condition. Instead of checking two separate lists, this page gives you one focused view of the overlap.
How many 'Avoid Foods' Γ— 'High Purine Foods' foods are gout-safe?
0 of the 156 foods (0%) in this intersection are rated Safe for gout. An additional 0 are Moderate and 156 are Avoid. Browse the food list below β€” Safe items are marked with 🟒, Moderate with 🟑, and Avoid with πŸ”΄.
Should gout patients pay attention to this combination?
Yes β€” evaluating foods through two lenses (here, 'Avoid Foods' and 'High Purine Foods') gives a clearer risk picture than either filter alone. The 156 foods in this overlap vary considerably in purine and fructose levels. Checking individual entries below helps pinpoint usable vs. high-risk options.
Why use two tags instead of just one?
A single tag like 'Avoid Foods' may include hundreds of foods with widely varying safety. Adding the 'High Purine Foods' filter narrows the results to 156 items where both conditions are true, giving a more targeted and actionable list. This is especially useful when managing multiple dietary constraints simultaneously β€” a common scenario for gout patients who also need to monitor fructose, alcohol, or specific food categories.

How This Analysis Works

Each food in this intersection is evaluated using a multi-dimensional risk engine that considers three independent gout triggers:

  • Purine content (mg per 100g) — The primary driver of uric acid production. Data from USDA and ODS-NIH Database for the Purine Content of Foods Release 2.0 (March 2025; USDA ARS) and Kaneko et al. Biol Pharm Bull 37(5):709-721, 2014.
  • Fructose content (g per 100g) — Raises uric acid independently of purines through hepatic ATP depletion. Data from USDA SR28.
  • Alcohol content — Blocks renal uric acid excretion and accelerates purine breakdown.

A food rated Safe means purine is under 50 mg/100g and fructose under 2g/100g with no alcohol. Moderate indicates purine 50-150 mg/100g or fructose 2-5g/100g. Avoid means purine above 150 mg/100g, fructose above 5g/100g, or presence of alcohol.

All purine values are lab-measured unless marked T3 (category-level estimate). Cross-reference individual food pages for detailed source information.

Related Guides

Avoid Foods High Purine Foods